[R] Sweave produces gibberish instead of apostrophe in pdf

[Prof Brian Ripley]

On Wed, 27 Feb 2008, Gavin Simpson wrote:

> On Wed, 2008-02-27 at 11:35 +0100, Paul Hiemstra wrote:
>> Dear All,
>>
>> I try to use Sweave to make a document. But when I use the Sweave()
>> command on it and build a pdf with pdflatex (3.141592-1.40.3) my
>> apostrophes are replaced by some gibberish (an 'a' with a hat on it, a
>> capital A with a arc pointing upwards on it and a capital Y with two
>> points on it). If I manually replace the apostrophes using the keyboard,
>> I get a different looking apostrophe and the output is correct.
>>
>> I'm using Debian Linux (Lenny) with TexLive, Kile and R 2.6.1.
>
> I presume that R is running in a UTF-8 locale on your Debian box (or
> some other locale that is different to the one pdflatex is working in);

His email seens to be in UTF-8, but as he failed to follow the posting 
guide I decided not to respond with unnecessary guesswork.

> the fancy quotes used in some print methods in R aren't available in all
> locale/font encodings and these get interpreted as the "gibberish" you
> are seeing.
>
> Stick this in your preamble and see if it works (you might need to
> install a TexLive package from your usual Debian repository to get this
> [LaTeX] package installed):
>
> \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
>
> it did for me on my Fedora box when I first came across this issue.

The standard 'spell' is \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}: that is what R itself 
uses when making a package manual if the encoding is UTF-8.  That should 
come with any reasonably recent LaTeX (dates in the LaTeX world are 
imaginary, but I think it is from the '2003' release).

>
> HTH
>
> G
>
>>
>> This is a sample, the problem is in the lm output in the "Signif. codes"
>> line:
>>
>> \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
>> \title{Spam}
>> \author{F. Bar}
>>
>> \begin{document}
>> <<reg>>=
>> n <- 50
>> x <- seq(1, n)
>> a.true <- 3
>> b.true <- 1.5
>> y.true <- a.true + b.true * x
>> s.true <- 17.3
>> y <- y.true + s.true * rnorm(n)
>> out1 <- lm(y ~ x)
>> summary(out1)
>> @
>> \end{document}
>>
>> And the resulting .tex file:
>>
>> \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
>> \title{Spam}
>> \author{F. Bar}
>>
>> \usepackage{Sweave}
>> \begin{document}
>> \begin{Schunk}
>> \begin{Sinput}
>> > n <- 50
>> > x <- seq(1, n)
>> > a.true <- 3
>> > b.true <- 1.5
>> > y.true <- a.true + b.true * x
>> > s.true <- 17.3
>> > y <- y.true + s.true * rnorm(n)
>> > out1 <- lm(y ~ x)
>> > summary(out1)
>> \end{Sinput}
>> \begin{Soutput}
>> Call:
>> lm(formula = y ~ x)
>>
>> Residuals:
>> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
>> -31.9565 -9.4745 -0.1708 7.3759 44.6538
>>
>> Coefficients:
>> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
>> (Intercept) -0.07386 4.64712 -0.016 0.987
>> x 1.57405 0.15860 9.924 3.25e-13 ***
>> ---
>> Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 .’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
>>
>> Residual standard error: 16.18 on 48 degrees of freedom
>> Multiple R-Squared: 0.6723, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6655
>> F-statistic: 98.49 on 1 and 48 DF, p-value: 3.245e-13
>> \end{Soutput}
>> \end{Schunk}
>> \end{document}
>>
>> cheers and thanks for any help,
>> Paul
>>
> --
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> Dr. Gavin Simpson             [t] +44 (0)20 7679 0522
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-- 
Brian D. Ripley,                  ripley at stats.ox.ac.uk
Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford,             Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road,                     +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UK                Fax:  +44 1865 272595